Igalufa ebusuku ifuna ukukhanya okwaneleyo, ngoko ke kukho ulindelo olukhulu ekukhanyeni kwekhosi.Iimfuno zokukhanyisa kumabala egalufa zahlukile kuneminye imidlalo, ngoko ke imiba ekufuneka iqwalaselwe nayo yahlukile.Ikhosi inkulu kakhulu kwaye ineendlela ezininzi.Kukho iindlela ezili-18 zebala legalufa elingu-par 72.Iindlela ze fairways zinemingxuma eli-18.Ukongeza, ii-fairways zijongana necala elinye kuphela.Ukongeza, indawo ye-fairway ayifani kwaye itshintsha rhoqo.Oku kwenza kube nzima ukufumanisa indawo ezikuyo iipali zokukhanya, uhlobo lomthombo wokukhanya, kunye nelathiso lokukhanya kokukhanya.Uyilo lwekhosi lunzima kwaye lunzima.Ukukhanyisa kweVKSiya kuxoxa ngemiba emininzi, kubandakanywa ukuyila kokukhanyisa kunye nokukhetha.
Uyilo lokukhanyisa
Igalufa ngumdlalo wangaphandle owenza kakhulu indawo.Ibhola iphoswa phezu kwengca ngabantu abahamba phezu kwayo.Xa ukhanyisa ibala legalufa, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ngaphezu kokukhanya okuvela ezinyaweni zegalufa kunye nebhola ebetha ingca.Kubalulekile ukugcina indawo ephezulu yebala lemidlalo iqaqambe kangangoko kwaye ungamfilisi umhlaba.Ukukhanya kwezikhukula yindlela yokwenza ukukhanya kuthambile kwaye kufezekise iimfuno ezibonakalayo zabadlali begalufa.
Umngxuma kwibala legalufa wenziwe ngamacandelo amathathu angundoqo: i-fairway (FA IRWA Y), i-tee (TEE) kunye nohlaza (GREEN).I-fairway ibandakanya ii-bunkers, iphuli, ibhulorho kunye nethambeka eliphakamileyo, iinduli, indlela erhabaxa kunye nebhola.Ngenxa yokuba ibala ngalinye linesitayile soyilo esahlukileyo, indlela ebekwe ngayo la malungu inokwahluka.KwimiGaqo yeGalufa, ii-bunkers, iingozi zamanzi, kunye neendawo ezinengca ende zonke zithathwa njengemiqobo yekhosi.Banokwenza abadlali begalufa bazive benomngeni.Ukukhanya kwasebusuku nako kubalulekile ukubanceda badlale.Indima yayo efanelekileyo.Ukulungiswa kokukhanya okulungileyo kunokunyusa umngeni kunye nolonwabo lokudlala igalufa ebusuku.
Indawo ye teeing yeyona ndawo iphambili kumngxuma ngamnye.Ukukhanyisa apha kufuneka kulungiswe ukwenzela ukuba abadlali begalufa abasekhohlo nasekunene babone ibhola kunye nokuphela kwe tee.Isibane esithe tyaba kufuneka sibe phakathi kwe-100 kunye ne-150 lx.Izibane zidla ngokuba zizibane ezisasazwa ngokubanzi kwaye zinokukhanyisa kumacala amabini ukunqanda izithunzi zebhola, iklabhu, okanye igalufa ebetha ibhola.
Ipali yokukhanya kufuneka ifakwe ubuncinci be-120m ukusuka kumphetho ongasemva webhokisi ye tee.Ukukhanya okumacala amaninzi kuyafuneka kwitafile enkulu ye teeing.Ukuphakama kwezibane zokukhanyisa iitafile zeeteeing akufanele kube ngaphantsi kwesiqingatha sobude betafile.Akufunekanga idlule kwi-9m.Ngokwenkqubo yokufakela, ukwandisa ubude bokulungiswa kuya kuphucula umphumo wokukhanyisa kwiitafile ze-teeing.Isiphumo sokukhanya kwepali ye-14m ubude kungcono kunokukhanya kwepali ye-9m ephakathi.
Ngenxa yesikhundla sabo, inxalenye ye-fairway yomngxuma ngamnye yenza ukusetyenziswa okuphezulu komhlaba okhoyo.Ububanzi bomngxuma ngamnye buyahluka ngokuxhomekeka kubunzima bokuyila kwayo.I-fairway eqhelekileyo ijika yonke indawo kwaye yeyona inde kwindawo yokumisa.Ukuqinisekisa ukukhanya okuthe nkqo okwaneleyo, izibane ezimxinwa zingasetyenziselwa ukulandelela ukukhanya ukusuka kwiziphelo zombini zendlela ye fairway.Inqwelomoya ethe nkqo echaphazelekayo ibhekiselele kumphakamo othe tyaba we-fairway's centerline.Ububanzi be-fairway bububanzi bayo bubonke kwelo nqanaba.Umphakamo we fairway ulinganiswa ukusuka kumbindi we fairway ukuya kwi 15 m ngaphezu kwe fairway.Le nqwelo-moya ime nkqo iphakathi kweepali zokukhanya ezimbini.Ezi nqwelomoya zithe nkqo ziya kuba nefuthe elingcono kwibhola ukuba zikhethwe kwindawo yokulahla ibhola.
I-International Illuminance Standard (i-Z9110 1997 Edition) kunye neemfuno zobugcisa ze-THORN zifuna ukuba ukukhanya kwe-horizontal fairway kufuneka kufikelele kwi-80-100lx kunye ne-vertical illuminance 100-150lx.Iinqwelomoya ezithe nkqo kufuneka zibe nomlinganiselo we-7: 1 phakathi kokukhanya okuthe nkqo kunye nokukhanya okuncinci.Kuyimfuneko ukuba umgama phakathi kwendawo yokuqala ethe nkqo yebhodi ye-teeing kunye nepali yokukhanya etafileni akufanele ibe ngaphantsi kwe-30m.Umgama phakathi kweepali zokukhanya kunye nokukhanya okukhethiweyo kufuneka kwakhona ugcinwe kumgama ofunekayo.Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela iimpawu zokukhanya kunye nomhlaba apho i-pole yokukhanya ikhona.Isibane kufuneka sibe malunga ne-11m ukusuka kwisiseko sepali yesibane.Ukuba isibane sesibane sikwindawo enendawo ekhethekileyo, kufuneka iphakanyiswe okanye iyancipha ngokufanelekileyo.Iipali zokukhanya zingabekwa kwiindawo eziphakamileyo okanye ecaleni kwendlela yebhola ukunciphisa impembelelo yomhlaba.
Enye i-fairway kulapho uya kufumana imiqobo efana neebhulorho ezincinci kunye namachibi angaphantsi komhlaba.Umlinganiselo othile wokukhanyisa kufuneka uqwalaselwe.Oku kunokusukela kwi-30 ukuya kwi-75lx.Ungayibetha kwakhona ngokulula.Ibala lezemidlalo linokwenziwa libe nomtsalane ngakumbi ngoyilo olufanelekileyo lokukhanyisa kwendawo.
Ukugqiba umngxuma, umdlali utyhala ibhola emngxunyeni ngokuyityhalela kwi-fairway.Okuluhlaza kukuphela komngxuma.Umhlaba ukholisa ukuba ngumnqantsa ngakumbi kunendlela eyifarway kwaye inokhanyiso oluthe tyaba lwama-200 ukuya kuma-250 lx.Kuba ibhola inokutyhalwa nakweliphi na icala kuhlaza, kubalulekile ukuba umlinganiselo phakathi kolona khanyiso luthe tye kakhulu kunye nolona khanyiso luthe tye luncinci alukho ngaphezu kwe-3:1.Ngoko uyilo lokukhanyisa indawo eluhlaza kufuneka lubandakanye ubuncinci beendlela ezimbini zokunciphisa izithunzi.Ipali yokukhanya ifakwe kwi-40-degree-shaded space phambi kweendawo eziluhlaza.Ukuba umgama phakathi kwezibane ungaphantsi okanye ulingana namaxesha amathathu epalini yokukhanya, umphumo wokukhanyisa uya kuba ngcono.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ipali yokukhanyisa kufuneka ingakwazi ukuchaphazela amandla omdlali wegalufa ekubetheni ibhola.Kwakhona, ukukhanyisa akufuneki kudale ilitha eliyingozi kubadlali begalufa kule fairway kunye nezinye iifairways.Zintathu iindidi zokulitha: ilitha elithe ngqo;ilitha elibonakalayo;ilitha elisuka kukukhanya okuphezulu kakhulu kokuchasa kunye nemetha ngenxa yokungonwabi okubonakalayo.Isalathiso sokukhanya sokukhanya kwikhosi ekhanyisiweyo sisekwe ngokuhambelana nolwalathiso lwebhola.Umphumo womtha uya kuba mncinci ukuba akukho zindledlana ezikufuphi.Oku kungenxa yempembelelo edibeneyo yeefairways ezimbini.Isalathiso esichasene nokukhanya kokukhanya kuchasene.Abadlali ababetha ibhola ye-fairway baya kuziva ilitha elinamandla kwizibane ezikufutshane.Eli litha litha elithe ngqo elomelele ngokugqithisileyo kwimvelaphi yesibhakabhaka esimnyama ebusuku.Abadlali begalufa baya kuziva bengakhululekanga.Ilitha elisuka kwiindlela ezikufutshane kufuneka lincitshiswe xa ulayita.
Eli nqaku ubukhulu becala lixubusha ukulungelelaniswa kweepali zokukhanya kwebala lemidlalo kwakunye nendlela yokunciphisa ilitha eliyingozi.Ezi ngongoma zibalulekile ukuba ziqwalaselwe xa ukhetha imithombo yokukhanyisa kunye nezibane.
1. Kukhethwa ukusebenzisa imithombo yokukhanya ephezulu.Oku kuvumela ukukhanya okufanayo, okunciphisa isidingo semithombo yokukhanya eyongezelelweyo, kwaye ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa iindleko zezinto zesekethe zombane kunye neendleko zokufakela.
2. Umthombo wokukhanya onokunikezelwa kombala ophezulu kunye nokushisa okuphezulu kuyacetyiswa.Ukuziqhelanisa ebaleni kubonisa ukuba isalathiso sombala we-Ra> 90 kunye nobushushu bombala wegolide ngaphezulu kwe-5500K zezona zibalulekileyo.
3. Khangela umthombo wokukhanya oneempawu zokulawula ezilungileyo.
4. Tshatisa umthombo wesibane kunye nezibane.Oku kuthetha ukuba uhlobo lwesibane kunye nesakhiwo siyahambelana namandla omthombo wokukhanya.
5. Izibane ezihambelana nokusingqongileyo kufuneka zikhethwe.Izibane zenkundla ekhanyayo zibekwe kwindawo evulekileyo engaphandle.Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela umgangatho wokukhusela kumanzi kunye nombane wombane.Ibakala lokhuseleko i-IP66 okanye iBanga E lokhuseleko lokothuka kombane likhethwa ngokubanzi.Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela umoya wendawo kunye nokusebenza kwesibane sokuchasa ukubola.
6. Izibane kufuneka zikwazi ukusebenzisa i-curve yokusabalalisa ukukhanya.Izibane kufuneka zibe nokusabalalisa ukukhanya okulungileyo kunye nokunciphisa ukukhanya ukuze kwandiswe ukukhanya kunye nokulahlekelwa kwamandla.
7. Iindleko zokusebenza eziphantsi zibalulekile xa ukhetha izibane kunye nemithombo yokukhanya enoqoqosho.Ijongwa ikakhulu kwii-engile zosetyenziso lwesibane kunye nesibane kunye nomthombo wokukhanya wobomi bonke, kunye nokugcinwa kwesibane.
8. Izibonda zokukhanya - kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeepali zokukhanya, ezibandakanya ukulungiswa, ukunyathela, ukunyuswa kwe-pneumatic, ukunyuswa kwe-pneumatic kunye nokuphakanyiswa kwe-hydraulic.Ubume bebala lezemidlalo namandla oqoqosho lomtyali-mali kufuneka zonke zithathelwe ingqalelo xa kukhethwa uhlobo olululo.Oku kukuqinisekisa ukuba ubuhle bendalo bebala lemidlalo kunye nokusingqongileyo akuchaphazeleki.
Ukuqwalaselwa koyilo
Indawo engcono kakhulu yepali yokukhanya ukuba ibekwe kwibhokisi ye-tee ngqo emva kwayo.Oku kuya kuthintela izithunzi zabadlali begalufa ekugqumeni iibhola zegalufa.Iipali ezimbini zokukhanya zinokufuneka kwiitafile ezinde ze teeing.Kubalulekile ukugcina iipali zokukhanya phambi kweetafile ze teeing ekuphazamiseni abo bangasemva.
Izibane kwi-fairway kufuneka zikwazi ukubona iibhola ziwela macala omabini.Oku kuya kunciphisa ilitha kwiifairways ezingabamelwane.Ukunciphisa iipali zokukhanya kwenani, i-fairways emxinwa kufuneka iwele ubuncinane kabini ubude beepali zokukhanya.I-Fairways enobude obuphindwe kabini kunobo beepali iya kufuna ukuba imiqadi yokukhanya idibane kwaye idibane xa iprojekthi yezibane.Ukufezekisa ukufana okungcono, umgama phakathi kweepali akufanele udlule ngokuphindwe kathathu ubude bawo.Ngolawulo lwe-glare kunye nezinye izesekeli, isalathiso sokubonisa zonke izibane kufuneka sihambelane nolwalathiso lwebhola.
Iindlela ezimbini ezichaseneyo zokukhanya zikhanyisa okuluhlaza, okunciphisa izithunzi kubadlali begalufa ababeka ibhola.Ipali yokukhanya kufuneka ibekwe ngaphakathi kwe-15 ukuya kwi-35 degree of the green's line line.Umda wokuqala we-15 degrees kukunciphisa ilitha kubadlali begalufa.Umda wesibini kukuthintela izibane eziphazamisa ukudubula.Umgama phakathi kweepali kufuneka ungagqithi ngokuphindwe kathathu ubude bazo.Ipali nganye mayingabi nezibane zingabi ngaphantsi kwesibini.Ingqwalasela eyongezelelweyo kufuneka inikwe kwinani lezibane kunye ne-angle yokubonisa ukuba kukho nayiphi na i-bunkers, i-waterways, fairways, okanye eminye imiqobo.
Xa ukhanyisa ngokuthe tye, izibane eziluhlaza kunye ne-tee, izibane ezibanzi zingcono.Nangona kunjalo, idatha yokukhanya ephezulu ayinakwenzeka.Ukukhanya kwe-Fairway kufuna izibane ezinomqadi obanzi kunye nemiqadi emxinwa ukuba zidityaniswe ukuze kuphunyezwe umphumo wokukhanya ongcono.Okungcono uyilo lokukhanyisa, ii-curves ezininzi zifumaneka kwisibane.
Imveliso Khetha
Ukukhanyisa kweVKSicebisa ukuba kusetyenziswe izibane zangaphandle zenkundla kunye nezibane ezisebenza ngamandla ekukhanyiseni ikhosi.
Idizayini yokukhanya ephuculweyo eneengile ezine zokuhambisa ukukhanya kweelensi ze-10/25/45/60degavailable kukukhanya okuthambileyo.Ifanelekile kwimidlalo yangaphandle efana negalufa, ibasketball, kunye nebhola ekhatywayo.
Umthombo wokukhanya we-SMD3030 ongenisiweyo wokuqala, ilensi yePC ehambisa ukukhanya ephezulu, iphucula ukusetyenziswa komthombo wokukhanya nge-15% uyilo loBuchule lokusasaza ukukhanya.Ikhusela ngokufanelekileyo ilitha kunye nokuchitheka kokukhanya.Ukusebenza okuzinzileyo, imodyuli eyodwa esemgangathweni kunye nekhaka elikhanyayo, ukunciphisa ukulahleka kokukhanya, ukubonelela ngokukhanya okupheleleyo kwe-PC lens, imiphetho yokukhanya ephezulu, ukuthintela ukukhanya esibhakabhakeni.Oku kunokuphucula ukukhanyela ukukhanya, ukonyusa ukukhanya, ukubonakalisa ngcono, kwaye kuyenze iqaqambe ngakumbi kwaye ithambe.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-15-2022
